Title: Hyperosmolar Therapy in Neurocritical Care<br/>Author: Michael Winters<br/><a href='http://umem.org/profiles/faculty/141/'>[Click to email author]</a><hr/><p>
<strong><u>Monitoring Hyperosmolar Therapy</u></strong></p>
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Hyperosmolar therapy (mannitol or hypertonic saline) is commonly used in the treatment of neurocritical care paitents with elevated ICP.</li>
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When administering mannitol, guidelines recommend monitoring serum sodium and serum osmolarity. Though targets remain controversial, most strive for a serum sodium of 150-160 mEq/L and a serum osmolarity between 300 - 320 mOsm/L.</li>
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Unfortunately, serum osmolarity is a poor method to monitor mannitol therapy.</li>
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Instead of serum osmolarity, follow the <u>osmolar gap</u>. It is more representative of serum mannitol levels and clearance. If the osmolar gap falls to normal, the patient has cleared mannitol and may be redosed if clinically indicated. </li>
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<fieldset><legend>References</legend>
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Hinson HE, Stein D, Sheth KN. Hypertonic Saline and Mannitol in Critical Care Neurology. <em>J Intensive Care Med</em> 2013; 28:3-11<em>.</em></p>
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