Title: Rhabdomyolysis in the Critically Ill<br/>Author: Michael Winters<br/><a href='http://umem.org/profiles/faculty/141/'>[Click to email author]</a><hr/><p>
<strong><u>Rhabdomyolysis in the Critically Ill</u></strong></p>
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Rhabdomyolysis can be disastrous in the critically ill patient, resulting in metabolic acidosis, life-threatening hyperkalemia, acute kidney injury, and acute renal failure (ARF). In fact, mortality can be as high as 60% for those that develop ARF secondary to rhabdomyolysis.</li>
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Although creatine kinase (CK) is a sensitive marker of muscle injury and used for diagnosis, it is actually the presence of myoglobinuria that results in ARF.</li>
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Current guidelines recommend treatment when the CK level is > 5000 U/L.</li>
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The mainstay of treatment remains aggressive fluid resuscitation with crystalloids.</li>
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The administration of bicarbonate to alkalinize the urine, diuretics to increase urine output, and osmotic agents (mannitol) to augment urine output remain controversial and are not supported by current literature.</li>
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<fieldset><legend>References</legend>
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Shapiro ML, Baldea A, Luchette FA. Rhabdomyolysis in the Intensive Care Unit. <em>J Intensive Care Med</em> 2012; 27:335-342.</p>
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