Title: Necrotizing Pneumonia<br/>Author: John Greenwood<br/><a href='http://umem.org/profiles/faculty/412/'>[Click to email author]</a><hr/><p>
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<u><strong>Necrotizing Pneumonia</strong></u><br />
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Necrotizing pneumonia is a rare, but potentially deadly complication of bacterial pneumonia.</p>
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It is characterized by the finding of pneumonic consolidation with multiple areas of necrosis within the lung parenchyma. Necrotic foci may coalesce, resulting in a localized lung abscess, or pulmonary gangrene if involving an entire lobe.</p>
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<strong>Most common pathogens:</strong> <em>S. aureus</em>, <em>S. pneumoniae</em>, and <em>Klebsiella pneumonia</em>. <br />
Others include <em>S. epidermidis</em>, <em>E. coli</em>, <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em>, <em>H. influenzae</em> and <em>Pseudomonas</em>.</p>
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<strong>Contrast-enhanced chest CT</strong> is the diagnostic test of choice and is also helpful in evaluating for parenchymal complications. </p>
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Empiric antibiotic therapy should include:</p>
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Broad spectrum coverage for commonly implicated pathogens (vancomycin, pseudomonal-dose piperacillin/tazobactam)</li>
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PLUS either clindamycin or metronidazole to cover possibly involved anaerobes</li>
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Consider an <em>early </em>surgical evaluation for the patient with necrotizing pneumonia complicated by septic shock, empyema, bronchopleural fistula, or hemoptysis. </p>
<fieldset><legend>References</legend>
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<strong><u>Reference</u> </strong></p>
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Tsai YF, Ku YH. Necrotizing pneumonia: a rare complication of pneumonia requiring special consideration. <em>Curr Opin Pulm Med.</em> 2012 May; 18(3):246-52.</p>
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