Title: What is causing CKD in young, non-diabetic, fit Central American agricultural workers?<br/>Author: Andrea Tenner<br/><a href='http://umem.org/profiles/faculty/1069/'>[Click to email author]</a><hr/><p>
<strong><em>General Information:</em></strong></p>
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There is a growing incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Central America referred to as Mesoamerican Nephropathy</li>
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Patients tend to be young (30-50 years old), male, agricultural workers, and do not have a history of diabetes, hypertension, or obesity</li>
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Etiology remains unconfirmed but is likely multifactorial with contributors including: repeated dehydration, excessive NSAID use, toxins from sugarcane derived alcohol, and mild Leptospirosis infection.</li>
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<strong><em>Area of the world affected:</em></strong></p>
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Highest prevalence in El Salvador and Nicaragua</li>
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Lower prevalence in Costa Rica and Guatemala</li>
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<strong><em>Relevance to the US physician:</em></strong></p>
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Immigrants with Mesoamerican Nephropathy may present to the ED with acute on chronic kidney disease</li>
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Treatment guidelines are the same as for other CKD etiologies</li>
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Council patients on proper hydration during exertion, limiting NSAID use, and avoiding homemade alcohol consumption</li>
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<strong><em>Bottom Line:</em></strong></p>
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Mesoamerican Nephropathy should be considered in Central American immigrants presenting to the ED with clinical and laboratory signs of CKD but without traditional risk factors.</li>
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<strong>University of Maryland Section of Global Emergency Health</strong></p>
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<strong>Author: </strong>Emilie J.B. Calvello, MD, MPH & Alex Skog</p>
<fieldset><legend>References</legend>
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Correa-Rotter R, Wesseling C, Johnson RJ. CKD of unknown origin in Central America: the case for a Mesoamerican nephropathy. Am J Kidney Dis. 2014 Mar;63(3):506–20.</p>
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