Title: Return to Play After Infectious Mononucleosis (IM)<br/>Author: Brian Corwell<br/><a href='http://umem.org/profiles/faculty/294/'>[Click to email author]</a><hr/><p>
Return to Play After Infectious Mononucleosis (IM)</p>
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-Long incubation period make it difficult to determine source or onset</p>
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Presentation often atypical with nothing more than fatigue, decreased energy or decreased athletic performance.</p>
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DDX: Herpes simplex, HIV, CMV, toxo and strep (simultaneous infection may be seen in up to 30%)</p>
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Classic 3 to 5 day prodromal period (malaise, fatigue, anorexia)</p>
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Symptoms then progress into the classic “triad” of IM</p>
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Fever, pharyngitis, lymphadenopathy (esp. posterior cervical nodes)</p>
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May also have posterior palantine petechiae (⅓ of cases), jaundice, exudative pharyngitis, rash and splenomegaly)</p>
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Rash (10% to 40%), transient, generalized maculopapular, petechial or urticarial)</p>
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Most commonly seen in patients treated with PCN antibiotics</p>
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Splenomegaly is an important complication in the athletic population</p>
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Mononucleosis makes the spleen susceptible to rupture (traumatic or spontaneous)</p>
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- Lymphocytic proliferation enlarges the spleen beyond protection from the ribs</p>
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- Physical examination has been shown to be unreliable for determining splenomegaly</p>
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- Highest risk is in the first 21 days (rare after 28 days)</p>
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Ultrasound is the modality of choice</p>
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-Splenomegaly peaks at 2 to 3 weeks and resolves in the majority between 4 to 6 weeks</p>
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Return to play is generally allowed after 4 weeks from diagnosis in the absence of splenomegaly and resolution of symptoms.</p>