Title: PARADIGM Shift in Heart Failure<br/>Author: Semhar Tewelde<br/><a href='http://umem.org/profiles/faculty/352/'>[Click to email author]</a><hr/><p>
<strong><u>PARADIGM Shift in Heart Failure</u></strong></p>
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- Angiotensin-converting enzymes inhibitors (ACE-I) are cornerstone for treatment of heart failure (HF) given the multiple trials which have shown their positive risk reduction in cardiovascular death.</p>
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- Studies looking at the effect of angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs) on mortality have been inconsistent; thus ARB's have been recommended as 2nd-line for those who have unacceptable side effects to ACE-I.</p>
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- A recent double-blinded RCT (PARADIGM-HF) ~8400 patients with class II-IV HF w/ ejection fraction <40% were treated with enalapril (standard therapy) versus novel therapy with neprilysin (neutral endopeptidase) inhibitor combined with an ARB.</p>
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- Primary outcomes were death from cardiovascular causes and hospitalization for HF; The RCT was ceased early (~27 months) because of an overwhelming benefit with the new agent.</p>
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- At study closure death occurred 26.5% in the standard group versus 21.8% in the novel group. The risk of HF hospitalization was decreased 21% with novel therapy.</p>
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- In early studies the use of a neprilysin inhibitor combined with an ARB has shown superior effects to current standard therapy (ACE-I), however long-term effects of this novel therapy are yet to be determined. </p>
<fieldset><legend>References</legend>
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McMurray J, Packer M, Desai A, et al. Angiotension-Neprilysin Inhibition versus Enalapril in Heart Failure. NEJM August 30, 2014. </p>
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