Title: Bioterrorism Agents & Diseases: Category B & C<br/>Author: Jon Mark Hirshon<br/><a href='http://umem.org/profiles/faculty/96/'>[Click to email author]</a><hr/><p>
<span face=""><strong>Background:</strong></span> As noted in a previous pearl (November 5, 2014), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) classifies potential bioterrorism agents into three categories. Category B & C agents are of less priority than the previously discussed Category A agents.</p>
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<strong>Category B</strong>: Second highest priority agents. These agents:</p>
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are moderately easy to disseminate;</li>
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result in moderate morbidity rates and low mortality rates; and</li>
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require specific enhancements of CDC's diagnostic capacity and enhanced disease surveillance.</li>
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<strong>These Agents/Diseases include:</strong></p>
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•Brucellosis (Brucella species)</p>
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•Epsilon toxin of Clostridium perfringens</p>
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•Food safety threats (e.g., Salmonella species, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Shigella)</p>
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•Glanders (Burkholderia mallei)</p>
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•Melioidosis (Burkholderia pseudomallei)</p>
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•Psittacosis (Chlamydia psittaci)</p>
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•Q fever (Coxiella burnetii)</p>
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•Ricin toxin from Ricinus communis (castor beans)</p>
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•Staphylococcal enterotoxin B</p>
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•Typhus fever (Rickettsia prowazekii)</p>
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•Viral encephalitis (alphaviruses [e.g., Venezuelan equine encephalitis, eastern equine encephalitis, western equine encephalitis])</p>
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•Water safety threats (e.g., Vibrio cholerae, Cryptosporidium parvum)</p>
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<strong>Category C agents</strong>: Third highest priority agents. These include emerging pathogens, such as hantavirus and Nipah virus, which could be potentially engineered for mass dissemination in the future.</p>
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<strong>Bottom Line: </strong>While in general of less concern, bioterrorism agents in Category B & C remain of significant risk. Many of these <span face="">diseases still occur in various parts of the globe including the United States.</span></p>
<fieldset><legend>References</legend>
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<a href="http://www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/agentlist-category.asp">http://www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/agentlist-category.asp</a></p>
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