Title: Congenital heart disease as a risk factor for pediatric stroke<br/>Author: Jennifer Guyther<br/><a href='http://umem.org/profiles/faculty/314/'>[Click to email author]</a><hr/><p>
<span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;">This study is a case control study of the association of congenital </span><span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;">heart disease (CHD) and stroke using a base population of 2.5 million </span><span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Kaiser patients in California. 412 cases of stroke were identified </span><span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;">and compared to 1236 controls. Of these stroke patients, 11/216 ischemic strokes </span><span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;">and 4/196 hemorrhagic strokes were attributed to CHD (both </span><span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;">cyanotic and acyanotic lesions). CHD was found in 7/1236 controls.</span><br style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;" />
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<span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Children with CHD and history of cardiac surgery had the strongest </span><span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;">risk of stroke (31 fold over the control group). Many of these </span><span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;">children had strokes years after their surgery. Children with CHD who </span><span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;">did not have cardiac surgery had a trend towards elevated stroke risk</span><span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;">, but the confidence intervals included the null. More children </span><span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;">without CHD history presented with headache.</span><br style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;" />
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<span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><strong>Bottom line:</strong> Stroke risk (both hemorrhagic and ischemic) extend past </span><span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;">the immediate postoperative period in patients with CHD.</span></p>
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<span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Fox CK, Sidney S and Fullerton HJ. Community-Based Case−Control Study </span><span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;">of Childhood Stroke Risk Associated With Congenital Heart Disease. </span><span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Stoke 2015; 46:336-340.</span></p>
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