Title: Radiology of child abuse<br/>Author: Brian Corwell<br/><a href='http://umem.org/profiles/faculty/294/'>[Click to email author]</a><hr/><p>
Imaging plays an important role in the evaluation of child abuse.</p>
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It aids in the identification, evaluation and in treatment.</p>
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Additionally, it is often the only objective evidence of abuse available to the courts.</p>
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It is often discovered through two means.</p>
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1) Injuries/fractures that are inconsistent with the alleged mechanism of injury.</p>
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2) Pathognomonic fracture patterns are found on routine radiographs</p>
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The ED physician should not attempt to precisely "date" the injury.</p>
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That said, soft tissue swelling resolves in 2-5 days. The periosteum becomes radiodense in 7 to 10 days. In subtle fractures this may be the only radiographic finding. If there is no evidence of bone healing (periosteal reaction), the fracture is less than 2 weeks old. Callus formation and resorption of the bone along the fracture line begins at 10 to 14 days. The callus is visible for up to 3 months. Bone remodeling continues for up to one year.</p>
<fieldset><legend>References</legend>
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Emergency Radiology, chapter 22, "pediatric considerations" by Ken Butler and Martin Pusic.</p>
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