Title: SIRS and Sepsis<br/>Author: Michael Winters<br/><a href='http://umem.org/profiles/faculty/141/'>[Click to email author]</a><hr/><p>
<strong><u>SIRS and Severe Sepsis Screening</u></strong></p>
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Sepsis remains one of the most common critical illnesses managed by emergency medicine and critical care physicians.</li>
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Many EDs and ICUs have screening protocols for early detection of the patient with sepsis. Most protocols use the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) as a central component of early identification.</li>
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A recent study stresses caution when simply using the SIRS criteria to screen for severe sepsis:
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Retrospective review of the ANZICS Adult Database</li>
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Divided patients into SIRS-positive ( ≥ 2 SIRS criteria with at least 1 organ failure) and SIRS-negative ( < 2 SIRS criteria with at least 1 organ failure)</li>
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109,663 patients</li>
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12% of patients diagnosed with severe sepsis or at least 1 organ failure had < 2 SIRS criteria at admission.</li>
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Mortality for the SIRS-negative cohort remained relatively high at 16.1%</li>
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<strong>Take Home Point</strong>
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<strong>Using the SIRS criteria to screen patients for severe sepsis will miss 1 out of every 8 patients with infection and organ dysfunction.</strong></li>
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<fieldset><legend>References</legend>
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Kaukonen KM, Bailey M, Pilcher D, et al. Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome Criteria in Defining Severe Sepsis. NEJM 2015;372:1629-38.</p>
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