Title: Early Glargine Administration at Start of DKA Treatment<br/>Author: Bryan Hayes<br/><a href='http://umem.org/profiles/faculty/369/'>[Click to email author]</a><hr/><p>
Transitioning Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) patients off an insulin infusion can be challenging. If a long-acting insulin, such as glargine or levemir, is not administered at the correct time to provide extended coverage, patients can revert back into DKA.</p>
<p>
<strong>Pilot Study</strong></p>
<p>
A prospective, randomized, controlled pilot study in 40 patients evaluated administration of glargine within 2 hours of insulin infusion initiation compared to waiting until the anion gap (AG) had closed.</p>
<p>
<strong>What they did</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>
<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Arial, 'Lucida Grande', Geneva, Verdana, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">All patients received IV insulin.</span></li>
<li>
<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Arial, 'Lucida Grande', Geneva, Verdana, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><u>Experimental</u>: Subcutaneous insulin glargine given within 2 hours of diagnosis.</span></li>
<li>
<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Arial, 'Lucida Grande', Geneva, Verdana, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><u>Control</u>: Patients subsequently transitioned to long-acting insulin upon closure of AG.</span></li>
</ul>
<p>
<strong style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Arial, 'Lucida Grande', Geneva, Verdana, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">What they found</strong></p>
<p>
<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Arial, 'Lucida Grande', Geneva, Verdana, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">Mean time to closure of AG, m</span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Arial, 'Lucida Grande', Geneva, Verdana, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">ean hospital LOS, i</span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Arial, 'Lucida Grande', Geneva, Verdana, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">ncidents of hypoglycemia, rates of ICU admission, and ICU LOS were all similar between the groups.</span></p>
<p>
<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Arial, 'Lucida Grande', Geneva, Verdana, Helvetica, 'Lucida Sans Unicode', sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><strong>Application to Clinical Practice</strong></span></p>
<p>
Although just a pilot study (using a convenience sample), early glargine administration seemed to be absorbed adequately (based on time to AG closure) and was not associated with increased risk of hypoglycemia. If confirmed in a larger study, this technique could help optimize care of DKA patients in the ED by eliminating the often-mismanaged transition step later on.</p>
<fieldset><legend>References</legend>
<p>
Doshi P, et al. Prospective randomized trial of insulin glargine in acute management of diabetic ketoacidosis in the emergency department: a pilot study. <em>Acad Emerg Med </em>2015;22(6):657-62. [<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26013711">PMID 26013711</a>]</p>
<p>
<strong>Follow me on Twitter (<a href="https://twitter.com/PharmERToxGuy">@PharmERToxGuy</a>) or Google Plus (+bryanhayes13)</strong></p>
</fieldset>