Title: ETCO2 and Fluid Responsiveness<br/>Author: Mike Winters<br/><a href='http://umem.org/profiles/faculty/141/'>[Click to email author]</a><hr/><p>
<u><strong>Predicting Fluid Responsiveness with ETCO2</strong></u></p>
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It is well known that almost 50% of critically ill patients do not respond to fluid resuscitaiton. For those that do not respond, indiscriminate fluid administration may be harmful.</li>
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There is increasing emphasis on the use of dynamic markers of fluid responsiveness, namely passive leg raise (PLR), pulse pressure variation, respirophasic changes in the IVC, and many others.</li>
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ETCO2 can also be used to assess fluid responsiveness in <u>mechanically ventilated patients with no spontaneous respiratory effort.</u></li>
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An increase in ETCO2 of <u>at least 5% with a PLR</u> has been shown to outperform arterial pulse pressure as a measure of fluid responsiveness. </li>
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<fieldset><legend>References</legend>
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Nassar BS, Schmidt GA. Capnography during critical illness. <i>Chest </i> 2016; 149:576-85. </div>
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