Title: Effect of QTc-prolonging agents in emergent dialysis patients with baseline QTc prolongation<br/>Author: Michelle Hines<br/><a href='mailto:1429'>[Click to email author]</a><hr/><p>
<strong>What they did:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>
End stage renal disease (ESRD) patients presenting to the ED for emergent hemodialysis (HD) with baseline QTc prolongation (>450 msec in men and >470 msec in women) were given antiemetics or antihistamines for symptomatic relief of nausea and pruritis. A repeat ECG was obtained 2 hours after medications were given.</li>
<li>
Most patients received oral or intravenous promethazine 25 mg, ondansetron 4-8 mg, or diphenhydramine 25-50 mg.</li>
</ul>
<p>
<strong>What they found:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>
44 patients had a mean initial QTc of 483.7 msec (SD 18.4). Two hours after medication administration, the mean QTc was 483.8 msec (SD 20.0).</li>
<li>
Among 13 patients with initial QTc intervals >500 msec, 9 had an increased QTc interval after medication administration (average increase 11.8 msec, SD 6.7 msec).</li>
<li>
8 patients with baseline QTc <500 msec had QTc >500 msec after medication administration.</li>
<li>
No patients experienced dysrhythmias, death, or were admitted for dysrhythmia or syncope 1 week after medication administration.</li>
</ul>
<p>
<strong>Application to clinical practice:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>
While the mean QTc did not change, the proportion of individuals who experienced an increase in QTc interval is not reported.</li>
<li>
Although greatly limited by a small sample size, this study suggests that usual doses of promethazine, ondansetron, or diphenhydramine in patients presenting for emergent HD with baseline QTc prolongation may be safe.</li>
<li>
Additional studies, especially in patients with QTc prolongation >500 msec, are warranted.</li>
</ul>
<fieldset><legend>References</legend>
<p>
Burdette S, Roppolo LP, Green W, et al. The effect of antiemetics and antihistamines on the QTc interval in emergent dialysis patients with baseline QTc prolongation. <em>J Emerg Med</em> 2016; 51:99-105. (<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27614302">PMID 27614302</a>)</p>
<p>
Follow me on Twitter <a href="https://twitter.com/medpharmd">@mEDPharmD</a></p>
</fieldset>