Title: Arsenic and Agatha Christie<br/>Author: Hong Kim<br/><a href='http://umem.org/profiles/faculty/526/'>[Click to email author]</a><hr/><p>
Agatha Christie is an English crime novelist who frequently used poisons in her books to murder the victims. In her book, Murder is Easy, Ms. Christie uses arsenic/arsenic trioxide to kill several characters.</p>
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Primary source of arsenic in general population is contaminated food, water and soil. Arsenic exists in several forms: elemental, gaseous (arsine), organic and inorganic (trivalent or pentavalent).</p>
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Arsenic trioxide has also been used to treat acute promyelocytic leukemia in China; it’s use in other leukemia, lymphoma, and other solid tumors are currently being investigated.</p>
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Arsenic primarily inhibits the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and multiple other enzymes involved in the citric cycle/oxidative phosphorylation, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction.</p>
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Acute toxicity of arsenic after ingestion</p>
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GI symptoms (minutes to several hours) – nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and cholera like diarrhea.</li>
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Cardiovascular: QT prolongation/torsade de pointes, orthostatic hypotension, ventricular dysrhythmias, myocardial dysfunction and shock.</li>
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CNS (days): encephalopathy, delirium, coma, and seizure due to cerebral edema and microhemorrhages.</li>
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Respiratory: ARDS, respiratory failure,</li>
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Others: AKI, leukemoid reaction, hemolytic anemia, and hepatitis.</li>
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Management</p>
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Chelation: dimercaptrol (BAL) or succimer</li>
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Whole bowel irrigation if radiopaque material is present (abdominal XR)</li>
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Electrolyte and fluid management</li>
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Cardiac monitoring and pressor support in hypotension</li>
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