Title: C-Spine Clearance by ED Triage Nurses?<br/>Author: WanTsu Wendy Chang<br/><a href='http://umem.org/profiles/faculty/1322/'>[Click to email author]</a><hr/><ul style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: -webkit-standard;">
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<span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">The Canadian C-Spine Rule (CCR) has been shown to decrease the use of cervical spine imaging in low-risk trauma patients.</span></span></li>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">While developed for use by physicians, CCR has also been validated in ED triage nurses with moderate interrater reliability (kappa 0.78) by Stiell <em>et al</em>. in 2010.</span></span></li>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Stiell’s group has since implemented the use of CCR by ED triage nurses at 9 teaching hospitals in Ontario with a combined annual volume of approximately 670,000 ED visits.</span></span></li>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">180 certified nurses evaluated 1408 patients.</span></span>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">806 (57.2%) arrived with c-spine immobilization.</span></span></li>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">602 (42.8%) had neck pain but no immobilization.</span></span></li>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Overall, nurses removed immobilization in 331 (41.4%) patients and applied immobilization in 203 (14.4%) patients.</span></span></li>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Diagnostic imaging was performed in 612 (43.4%) patients and found 16 (1.1%) clinically important and 3 (0.6%) clinically unimportant injuries.</span></span></li>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">There were no missed c-spine injuries to the knowledge of the authors as the study hospitals were closely connected with the regional spine centers.</span></span></li>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Time from nursing assessment to discharge decreased by 26.0% (3.4h vs. 4.6h)</span></span></li>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><strong><u>Bottom Line</u>:</strong> ED triage nurses can safely use the Canadian C-Spine Rule. This approach can improve patient care and decrease length of stay in the ED.</span></span></p>
<fieldset><legend>References</legend>
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<span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Stiell IG, Clement CM, O’Connor A, <em>et al</em>. Multicentre prospective validation of use of the Canadian C-Spine Rule by triage nurses in the emergency department. <em>CMAJ</em>. 2010;182(11):1173-9.</span></span></li>
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<span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Stiell IG, Clement CM, Lowe M, <em>et al</em>. A multicenter program to implement the Canadian C-Spine Rule by emergency department triage nurses. <em>Ann Emerg Med</em>. 2018;72(4):333-41.</span></span></li>
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<span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong><em>Follow me on Twitter @EM_NCC</em></strong></span></span></p>
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