Title: Intraosseous Administration of Hypertonic Saline<br/>Author: WanTsu Wendy Chang<br/><a href='http://umem.org/profiles/faculty/1322/'>[Click to email author]</a><hr/><ul style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: -webkit-standard;">
<li>
<span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Hypertonic saline and mannitol are commonly used for management of acute intracranial hypertension and cerebral herniation.</span></span></li>
<li>
<span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">The choice of medication is often limited by venous access.</span></span></li>
<li>
<span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">23.4% NaCl has been shown to decrease intracranial pressure in patients refractory to mannitol.</span></span>
<ul>
<li>
<span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">It requires administration through a central line to avoid sclerosis of the peripheral veins and tissue necrosis with extravasation.</span></span></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Intraosseous (IO) access provides a more rapid route for 23.4% NaCl administration.</span></span>
<ul>
<li>
<span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">No complications were observed relating to IO insertion site.</span></span></li>
<li>
<span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Transient hypotension occurred in more patients who received 23.4% NaCl via IO vs. central line.</span></span></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p>
<span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><strong><u>Bottom Line</u>:</strong> Use of IO allows more rapid administration of 23.4% NaCl with no immediate serious complications.</span></span></p>
<fieldset><legend>References</legend>
<p>
<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Wang J, Fang Y, Ramesh S, </span><i style="font-size: 14px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: -webkit-standard;">et al.</i><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> Intraosseous administration of 23.4% NaCl for treatment of intracranial hypertension. </span><i style="font-size: 14px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: -webkit-standard;">Neurocrit Care</i><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">. 2019;30(2):364-371.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><em><strong>Follow me on Twitter @EM_NCC</strong></em></span></p>
</fieldset>