Title: pediatric guanfacine exposure<br/>Author: Hong Kim<br/><a href='http://umem.org/profiles/faculty/526/'>[Click to email author]</a><hr/><p>
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Guanfacine is a presynaptic alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist (similar to clonidine) that is FDA approved to treat ADHD in pediatric patients 6 years of age and older. A recently published study characterized the pediatric exposure to guanfacine between 2000 and 2016. </p>
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10927 single exposures to guanfacine were identified.</li>
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Guanfacine exposure increased in all age group starting 2009</li>
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Highest exposure rate was in 6-12 years old population</li>
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Most frequently reported clinical effect (n=10927)</p>
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Drowsiness (n=4262; 39.0%)</li>
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Bradycardia (n=1696; 15.5%)</li>
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Hypotension (n=1127; 10.3%)</li>
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Dizziness (n=279; 2.6%)</li>
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Hypertension (n=199; 1.8%)</li>
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Severe clinical effects (n=10927)</p>
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Respiratory depression (n=47; 0.43%)</li>
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Coma (n=24; 0.22%)</li>
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Respiratory arrest (n=5; 0.05%)</li>
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Cardiac arrest (n=1; 0.01%)</li>
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Duration of clinical effect</p>
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8 to 24 hours: > 80%</li>
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Conclusion</p>
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Severe toxicity (respiratory depression/arrest and cardiac arrest) is rare with unintentional guanfacine exposure.</li>
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If symptomatic, majority of the patients were asymptomatic within 24 hours.</li>
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