Title: Acute transverse myelitis (ATM)<br/>Author: Brian Corwell<br/><a href='http://umem.org/profiles/faculty/294/'>[Click to email author]</a><hr/><p>
Acute transverse myelitis (ATM) refers to inflammation of gray and white matter in one or more adjacent spinal cord segments leading to acute/subacute dysfunction of all cord functions (i.e., motor, sensory, and autonomic).</p>
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There is a bimodal peak between ages 10-19 years and ages 30-39 years.</p>
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Most cases are idiopathic</p>
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Some patients may have had a preceding viral infection or autoimmune disorder.</p>
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The thoracic cord is most commonly involved.</p>
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Onset is characterized by acute/subacute development of neurologic signs and symptoms consistent with motor weakness, sensory changes or autonomic dysfunction.</p>
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Pain in the head, neck, and/or back may occur.</p>
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Motor and sensory changes occur below the level of the lesion and are more likely to be bilateral.</p>
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Motor symptoms include a rapidly progressing paraparesis.</p>
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Autonomic dysfunction may include urinary urgency or difficulty voiding, bowel or bladder incontinence, tenesmus, constipation, and sexual dysfunction.</p>
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Despite its low incidence, consider in a patient presents with a classic constellation of symptoms,</p>
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Rapid identification, and early initiation of treatment predicts the best outcomes</p>
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<strong>Diagnosis</strong>: whole spine MRI with and without gadolinium</p>
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<strong>Management</strong>: goals include reducing cord inflammation (IV glucocorticoids), alleviating symptoms (pain management, bladder decompression), and treating underlying causes (e.g., infections, autoimmune) as appropriate.</p>
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