Title: Critical Care Pearls for Blood Transfusions<br/>Author: Caleb Chan<br/><a href='http://umem.org/profiles/resident/1583/'>[Click to email author]</a><hr/><p>
<u><strong>Blood Transfusion Thresholds in Specific Populations</strong></u></p>
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<strong>Sepsis </strong>- 7 g/dL</p>
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non-inferior to 9 g/dL (which was previously recommended in early goal-directed therapy and early Surviving Sepsis guidelines)</li>
</ul>
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<strong>Acute Coronary Syndrome - </strong>no current specific recommendations pending further studies</p>
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<li>
recent MINT pilot study showed unexpected trend toward higher combined mortality and major cardiac events in restrictive transfusion arm (8 g/dL) vs. liberal arm (10 g/dL)</li>
</ul>
<p>
<strong>Stable Cardiovascular Disease </strong>- 8 g/dL</p>
<ul>
<li>
no difference in 30-day mortality compared to 10 g/dL, excluding those who have undergone cardiac surgery</li>
</ul>
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<strong>Gastrointestinal Bleeds</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>
<strong>UGIB</strong> - 7 g/dL (unless intravascularly volume depleted or h/o CAD)
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better 6 week-survival, less re-bleeding compared to 9 g/dL</li>
</ul>
</li>
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<strong>LGIB</strong> - 7 g/dL, limited evidence, but based on UGIB data</li>
</ul>
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<strong>Acute Neurologic Injury - Traumatic Brain Injury</strong> - 7 g/dL</p>
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<li>
no significant difference in neurologic recovery at 6 weeks or mortality vs. 10 g/dL, although there were more brain tissue hypoxia events in restrictive arm</li>
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anemia and transfusions both associated with worse outcomes in TBI</li>
</ul>
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<strong>Postpartum Hemorrhage</strong> - 1:1:1 ratio strategy</p>
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<li>
FFP/RBC ratio ≥ 1 associated with improved patient outcomes</li>
</ul>
<fieldset><legend>References</legend>
<p>
Cable CA, Razavi SA, Roback JD, Murphy DJ. RBC Transfusion Strategies in the ICU: A Concise Review. Crit Care Med. 2019; epub ahead of print.</p>
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