Title: Safety of Droperidol use for agitation in the emergency department<br/>Author: Hong Kim<br/><a href='http://umem.org/profiles/faculty/526/'>[Click to email author]</a><hr/><p> </p> <p> After many years of national shortage and FDA’s black box warning in 2001 (QT prolongation) droperidol is slowing becoming available.</p> <p> In 2015, a prospective observational study was published involving ED patients who received droperidol for agitation (acute behavioral disturbance). </p> <p> <strong>Method</strong></p> <ul> <li> Study period: August 2009 to April 2013 in 6 EDs in Australia</li> <li> Intervention: droperidol 10 – 20 mg IM or IV (if available)</li> <li> EKG performed within 2 hours of droperidol administration.</li> <li> QT was manually measured and plotted against the heart rate on the QT nomogram – if above “at-risk line” = abnormal</li> </ul> <p> <strong>Results</strong></p> <ul> <li> Droperidol was administered in 1,403 ED patients</li> <li> EKG available in 1,009 ED patients</li> <li> Median age: 34 years (IQR: 25-44)</li> <li> Men: 59.9%</li> </ul> <p> Four leading reason for ED presentation</p> <ol> <li> Alcohol intoxication: 421</li> <li> Deliberate or threatened self-harm: 200</li> <li> Psychostimulant use: 130</li> <li> Mental illness/psychosis: 142</li> </ol> <ul> <li> Median droperidol dose: 10 mg (IQR: 10 to 17.5 mg) </li> <li> Abnormal QT interval: 13 (1.3%, 95% CI: 0.3% to 2.3%) <ul> <li> 7 patient had other potential contributing factors: methadone, escitalopram, Amiodarone or preexisting condition. </li> </ul> </li> <li> Median time to sedation: 20 min (IQR: 10 to 30 min)</li> </ul> <p> <strong>Adverse events</strong></p> <ul> <li> Desaturation (<90%): 22 (1.6%)</li> <li> Airway obstruction: 8 (0.6%)</li> <li> Hypotension: 28 (2.0%)</li> <li> Extrapyramidal symptoms: 7 (0.5%)</li> <li> Arrhythmia: 1 (0.1%)</li> <li> Hypoventilation (RR < 12 breaths/min): 4 (0.2%)</li> <li> Seizure: 1 (0.1%)</li> <li> No adverse events: 1,333 (95.0%)</li> </ul> <p> <strong>Conclusion</strong></p> <ul> <li> Droperidol is a safe sedating agent with no evidence of increased risk for QT prolongation with the doses used. </li> </ul> <fieldset><legend>References</legend>
<p> Calver L et al. The safety and effectivenss of droperidol for sedation of acute behavioral disturbance in the emergency department. Ann Emerg Med. 2015;66:230-238.</p> </fieldset>