Title: Disinfectants!<br/>Author: Hong Kim<br/><a href='http://umem.org/profiles/faculty/526/'>[Click to email author]</a><hr/><p>
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Recently, “disinfectants,” or germicides, has gain public attention during COVID-19 pandemic. So, what types of agents are considered as “disinfectants?”</p>
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Germicides as classified into three broad categories</p>
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1. Antiseptics – chemicals applied to living tissue to kill or inhibit microorganisms</p>
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a. Iodine & iodophors (e.g. Povidone-iodine; aka Betadine)</p>
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b. Chlorine, bleach (sodium hypochlorite)</p>
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c. Chlorhexidine</p>
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d. Hydrogen peroxide</p>
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e. Alcohols (ethanol and isopropanol)</p>
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2. Disinfectants – chemicals applied to inanimate objects to kill or inhibit microorganisms</p>
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a. Formaldehyde</p>
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b. Phenol (aka carbolic acid)</p>
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c. Substituted phenols (e.g. hexachlorophene; aka pHisoHex)</p>
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d. Quaternary ammonium compounds (benzalkonium chloride; aka Zephiran)</p>
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3. Sterilants – chemicals applied to inanimate objects to kill all microorganisms including spores</p>
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a. Ethylene oxide</p>
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b. Glutaraldehyde</p>
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Although ethanol is frequently found in alcoholic beverage and consumable, no other chemicals should be ingested or injected.</p>