Title: Ulnar Collateral ligament injuries of the elbow<br/>Author: Brian Corwell<br/><a href='http://umem.org/profiles/faculty/294/'>[Click to email author]</a><hr/><p>
Ulnar Collateral ligament injuries of the elbow</p>
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Overhead throwing athletes are at risk of insufficiency and rupture of the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) of the elbow</p>
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This can lead to valgus instability similar to what can occur in the knee</p>
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Overhead throwing places a significant valgus stress on the elbow</p>
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Though classically seen in baseball pitchers, may also be seen in javelin throwers and other high velocity throwing sports</p>
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In the acute setting may be seen after an elbow dislocation</p>
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History includes a “pop” and medial elbow pain following throwing activities</p>
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In cases of overuse injury, athletes will report a progressive loss of velocity, accuracy, and/or endurance with throwing.</p>
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The ulnar collateral ligament is the primary restraint to valgus stress from 30 to 120 degrees of flexion</p>
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One classic test for UCL instability is the milking maneuver</p>
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Patient may be sitting or standing</p>
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Patient’s forearm is supinated and elbow flexed at 90 degrees</p>
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A valgus force is applied by pulling the patient’s thumb while the examiner’s other hand stabilizes the elbow and palpates the medial joint line. </p>
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Instability, pain or apprehension at the UCL is considered a positive test</p>
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<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gbn24X_qqn0">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gbn24X_qqn0</a></p>