Title: Presentations of Fracture in Nursemaids Elbow<br/>Author: Brian Corwell<br/><a href='http://umem.org/profiles/faculty/294/'>[Click to email author]</a><hr/><p>
<strong>Presentations of Fracture in Nursemaids Elbow</strong></p>
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<strong>Study group</strong>: Visits by children younger than 10 years, with a diagnosis of radial head subluxation at 1 of 45 pediatric EDs from 2010 to 2018.</p>
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Retrospective cohort study of 88,466 ED visits for radial head subluxation</p>
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<strong>Outcome</strong>: Missed fracture (return visit for upper extremity fracture within 7 days of the index visit).</p>
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<strong>Results</strong></p>
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Median patient age was 2.1 years,</p>
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59% of visits were by female patients,</p>
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60% of cases occurred in the left arm.</p>
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Radiography was performed at 28.5% of visits (Range 19.8% to 41.7%.)</p>
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Extremity fractures were observed in 247 cases,<span style="background-color:#ffff00;"> representing 0.3% of the cohort.</span></p>
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<u>The odds of missed fracture were higher in:</u></p>
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Children older than 6 years</li>
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Children who underwent radiography at the index visit</li>
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Children receiving acetaminophen or ibuprofen in the ED.</li>
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<strong>Summary</strong>: </p>
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Only 0.3% of children with a diagnosis of radial head subluxation subsequently received a diagnosis of an upper extremity fracture within 7 days of the index visit.</p>
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Missed fractures were commonly about the elbow such as a supracondylar fracture. However, this study also found a significant proportion of missed fractures in other locations (e.g. shoulder, wrist), highlighting the importance of a careful physical examination, and the limitations of localizing pain in younger children. </p>
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Recurrence was common, and the risk of recurrence decreased with increasing age at first presentation. Overall, radial head subluxation recurrence was 8.7% after the first visit VERSUS 12%-13% in children younger than 2 years. THese patients are likely to return to the ED with a recurrence within 2 years. These findings should help inform anticipatory guidance to parents regarding the risk of recurrence based on their child’s age.</p>
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