Title: Mycoplasma genitalium<br/>
Author: Michele Callahan<br/>
<a href='mailto:mcallahan@som.umaryland.edu'>[Click to email author]</a><hr/>
Link: <a href='https://umem.org/educational_pearls/4598/'>https://umem.org/educational_pearls/4598/</a><hr/><p>Mycoplasma genitalium (<em>M.genitalium</em>, or Mgen) is a pathogen that is increasingly associated with cervicitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, preterm labor, spontaneous abortion, and infertility. Although many are asymptomatic, <em>M.genitalium</em> can be found in 10-30% of women with symptoms/exam findings of cervicitis. </p>
<p>NAAT testing for <em>M.genitalium</em> is FDA-approved for use with urine and urethral, penile meatal, endocervical, and vaginal swab samples.</p>
<p>According to CDC guidelines, women with recurrent or persistent cervicitis should be tested for <em>M.genitalium</em>, and testing should be considered among women with PID. It is not recommended to test for asymptomatic infections at this time, even in pregnancy.</p>
<p>High rates of macrolide resistance in this pathogen make 1 g of Azithromycin insufficient. The recommended regimen for NAAT-positive <em>M.genitalium</em> infections is: Doxycycline 100 mg PO BID x 7 days to reduce bacterial load, <strong>followed by</strong> moxifloxacin 400 mg PO daily x 7 days.</p>
<p>Overall, more studies are needed to truly determine the clinical relevance of this pathogen. </p>
<p>Consider testing for <em>M.genitalium</em> in patients presenting with recurrent or persistent cervicitis or pelvic inflammatory disease, as this may not respond to typical antibiotic regimens.</p>
<fieldset><legend>References</legend><p><a href="https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/toc.htm">https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/toc.htm</a></p>
<p>Hufstetler, K., Llata, E., Miele, K., & Quilter, L. A. S. (2024). Clinical Updates in Sexually Transmitted Infections, 2024. <em>Journal of women's health (2002)</em>, <em>33</em>(6), 827–837. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2024.0367">https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2024.0367</a></p>
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