Although MRI is more sensitive for identifying tumors of the CNS, CT is usually the first line imaging modality in the ED. Some pearls:
Hyperattenuation = bright = dense (blood)
Hypoattenuation = dark = radiolucent (fluid, air, lipid, scar)
Masses that are darker + increased volume or mass effect = edema (image 1)
Masses that are darker + decreased volume = scar tissue or atrophy (image 2)
Masses that are bright + edema = hemorrhage (image 3)
Adding IV contrast improves detection of tumors: abnormal enhancement from disruption of blood brain barrier, necrosis or increased vascularity. (Image 4)
References
Klein JP, Dietrich J. Neuroradiologic Pearls for Neuro-oncology. Continuum 2017;23(6):1619-1634.
