UMEM Educational Pearls

Category: Critical Care

Title: Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Acute TIA and Minor Stroke: CHANCE Trial

Keywords: TIA, Minor Stroke, Antiplatelet therapy (PubMed Search)

Posted: 8/27/2013 by Feras Khan, MD (Updated: 4/16/2024)
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Background

Stroke is common in the first few weeks after a transient ischemic attack (TIA) or minor ischemic stroke.
Aspirin reduces the risk of recurrent stroke by 12% or so.
Thus far there is a trend toward no benefit from dual anti-platelet treatment.

Trial

Randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted in China.
5170 patients were randomized to either combination therapy with clopidogrel and aspirin (clopidogrel at an initial dose of 300 mg, followed by 75mg per day for 90 days, plus aspirin 75 mg per day for 21 days) or to placebo plus aspirin.
Primary outcome was stroke during 90 days of follow-up using intention to treat analysis

Results

Stroke occurred in 8.2% of patients in the aspirin-clopidogrel group as compared with 11.7% in the aspirin group (Hazard ratio 0.68; 95% confidence interval, 0.57-0.81; p<0.001). Rates of hemorrhage were similar in both groups (0.3%).
Relative risk reduction of stroke at 90 days by 32%.

Conclusions

Patients with acute TIA or minor stroke may benefit from combination therapy with no increased risk of hemorrhage

Bottom Line:

41,561 patients were screened in order to find 5170 appropriate patients!
Patients with major stroke, who are risk for hemorrhage, and have isolated sensory TIAs, were excluded.
The trial was conducted in China, so the results may not apply in other countries (A similar trial, the Platelet-Oriented Inhibition in New TIA and Minor Ischemic Stroke (POINT) study is being done in North America).
Decision to treat should be made with neurology assistance.

Y. Wang and Others | N Engl J Med 2013;369:11-19 | Published Online June 26, 2013